Causes and management of anxiety in the elderly

Anxiety is one of the most common mental health conditions among older adults. This condition can be due to various factors, and treatment and support are available.

Some anxiety is a natural part of life. However, if anxiety becomes excessive and begins to affect daily life, it may develop into an anxiety disorder.

Anxiety disorders are different from typical anxious or nervous feelings. They also generally involve physical sensations, tension, and other cognitive (thinking) behaviors.

Treatments for anxiety include psychotherapy, medications, or a combination of the two.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the world’s population is ageing. As of 2020, there were 1 billion people over the age of 60. Estimates indicate this will rise to 1.4 billion by 2030 and 2.1 billion by 2050.

The WHO notes that around 14% of adults ages 60 and over live with a mental health condition. According to some research, about 8% of these are anxiety disorders.

GAD is one of the most common anxiety disorders in older adults. Some research indicates that it occurs in 1.2% to 4.6% of older adults within the community.

The symptoms of anxiety disorders can vary by person and type of disorder. However, each type of anxiety disorder typically involves excessive and persistent worry or fear in non-threatening situations.

Medicare can help cover mental health services. Medicare Part A covers inpatient mental health treatment. Medicare Part B covers outpatient services, such as general and specialized counseling and psychiatry appointments.

Medicare Part D helps cover the cost of prescription medications, such as antidepressants.

Medicare Advantage (Part C) plans also help cover both inpatient and outpatient mental health services, and many cover prescription medications as well.

Various factors may contribute to older adults experiencing anxiety disorders. However, the most common associations with anxiety symptoms are:

It is also important to note that anxiety can also co-occur with late-in-life depression and dementia. It is also possible that the cause of anxiety disorders is unknown.

There are minimal studies on medication treatments for anxiety disorders in older adults. However, antidepressants are generally considered first-line treatments for anxiety disorders.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a typical treatment for anxiety in older adults because of their tolerability and safety profile.

Other treatments may include psychotherapy, either on its own or combined with medication. Treatment may also involve complementary health approaches such as stress and relaxation techniques.

Anxiety disorders are one of the most common mental health conditions in older adults. Symptoms may include persistent and excessive fear and worry, restlessness, irritability, pounding heart, and shortness of breath.

Causes of anxiety disorders in older adults are often associated with a recent fall, acute illness, or fear of falling. They may also be a co-occurring symptom with some medical conditions.

Treatment often involves medications, such as antidepressants, and psychotherapy.