Zoological Society of London

“At least five shark species are currently known to use the Thames Estuary, including tope and starry smoothhounds.”

“ZSL’s latest figures estimate that the Greater Thames Estuary supported about 2,987 grey seals and 599 harbour seals in 2024.”

“Their population peaked at 796 in 2017 before falling back below its 2013 level.”

“ZSL found that summer water temperatures increased by an average of 0.13°C per year between 2007 and 2024.”